An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the refractive media of the eye (the cornea, aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body) and the fundus oculus (the optic disc, retina and choroid), which is a commonly used examination method in ophthalmology. The examination is carried out in a darkroom. Generally, mydriasis is not necessary. For a detailed examination, 2% homatropine solution can be instilled 2 to 3 times or 0.5 to 1% tropicamide can be instilled to dilate the pupils 1 to 2 times. For those over 40 years old, 2 to 5% neosynephrine solution can be used for mydriasis, and miotics should be instilled after the examination. Glaucoma should be excluded before mydriasis.

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